Where is the Inca Trail Located?
The Inca Trail is located in Peru, South America, in the Andes Mountains.
How Long is the Trail?
The classic Inca Trail is 26 miles (42 kilometers) long. The trek begins at a marker known as Kilometer 82, near the town of Ollantaytambo. It ends at the historic site of Machu Picchu, one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.
What is the History Behind the Inca Trail and Machu Picchu?
The Inca Trail is part of the vast network of roads which once spanned over 24,000 miles (39,000 kilometers) across the Inca Empire. The trail was built by the Inca civilization. The stone-paved paths were designed for messengers, pilgrims, and royalty traveling to Machu Picchu. The road network as a whole was called Qhapaq Ñan, meaning “Royal Road” in the Quechua language.
The Inca Trail is considered one of the best hikes in the world.
Machu Picchu is an ancient Incan city. Built in the 15th century, the site is known for its engineering and architecture. It is believed to have been a royal estate or religious sanctuary for the elite. Machu Picchu was hidden from the outside world for centuries, then rediscovered by American historian Hiram Bingham in 1911. It sits at 7,970 feet (2,430 meters) above sea level, high in the Andes Mountains.
Machu Picchu is one of the New Seven Wonders of the World and a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It remains one of the most famous and well-preserved archaeological sites on Earth.
How Long Does it Take to Hike?
The classic Inca Trail is the most popular itinerary, which takes four days to complete. There are also alternative routes which are shorter, such as the two-day Short Inca Trail.
Here is a standard itinerary for the Inca Trail.
Day 1: Cusco / Ollantaytambo to Wayllabamba
- Distance: 7.5 miles (12 km)
- Elevation Gain: 1,968 feet (600 meters)
- Starting Elevation: 8,530 feet (2,600 meters) – Km 82
- Ending Elevation: 9,842 feet (3,000 meters) – Wayllabamba Camp
- Hours Hiking: 5–6 hours
The trek begins at Km 82, the official start of the Inca Trail. After checking permits, hikers cross the Urubamba River and start a gentle climb through the Sacred Valley. The first section is relatively easy, passing through small Quechua villages and ancient ruins such as Llactapata, an old Incan agricultural site. After lunch, the trail ascends steadily through a mix of dry Andean terrain and lush cloud forest. The day ends at Wayllabamba Camp, the last village on the trail.
Day 2: Wayllabamba to Pacaymayo (Dead Woman’s Pass)
- Distance: 7.5 miles (12 km)
- Elevation Gain: 3,937 feet (1,200 meters)
- Starting Elevation: 9,842 feet (3,000 meters) – Wayllabamba Camp
- Ending Elevation: 11,811 feet (3,600 meters) – Pacaymayo Camp
- Highest Point: 13,828 feet (4,215 meters) – Dead Woman’s Pass
- Hours Hiking: 6–7 hours
This is the hardest day of the trek. The morning begins with a steep ascent through dense cloud forest before reaching Llulluchapampa (12,630 feet/3,850 meters), an open plateau with stunning views. From here, the climb becomes tougher, leading to Dead Woman’s Pass (Warmiwañusqa), the highest point on the trail at 13,828 feet (4,215 meters). After a break, the trail descends into Pacaymayo Valley, where the second night’s campsite is located.
Day 3: Pacaymayo to Wiñay Wayna
- Distance: 9.3 miles (15 km)
- Elevation Gain: 1,968 feet (600 meters)
- Starting Elevation: 11,811 feet (3,600 meters) – Pacaymayo Camp
- Ending Elevation: 8,829 feet (2,691 meters) – Wiñay Wayna Camp
- Highest Point: 12,795 feet (3,900 meters) – Runkurakay Pass
- Hours Hiking: 8–9 hours
The longest but most scenic day begins with a climb to Runkurakay Pass (12,795 feet/3,900 meters), passing Incan ruins along the way. The descent leads to Sayacmarca, an ancient fortress with sweeping mountain views. The trail then winds through the cloud forest. After lunch at Phuyupatamarca (11,811 feet/3,600 meters), the trail drops over 3,000 feet (900 meters) via steep stone steps to Wiñay Wayna, the last campsite.
Day 4: Wiñay Wayna to Machu Picchu
- Distance: 3.1 miles (5 km)
- Elevation Gain: 1,312 feet (400 meters)
- Starting Elevation: 8,829 feet (2,691 meters) – Wiñay Wayna Camp
- Ending Elevation: 7,970 feet (2,430 meters) – Machu Picchu
- Hours Hiking: 2–3 hours
The final day starts before dawn with a short but steep climb to Inti Punku (Sun Gate). This is the first viewpoint of Machu Picchu, where hikers see the ruins as the sun rises over the mountains. The final descent leads into the lost city itself. Trekkers explore the site with a guide before heading down to Aguas Calientes, where they take a train back to Cusco.
What Are the Accommodations on the Inca Trail?
Hikers on the Inca Trail camp in designated sites along the route. There are no permanent structures for accommodation. Trekkers sleep in tents, which are carried and set up by porters. Campsites have basic facilities, including shared toilets and cooking areas. Meals are prepared by the trekking crew.
On the final night, some tours offer the option to stay in a hotel in Aguas Calientes instead of camping, allowing hikers to rest before visiting Machu Picchu the next morning.
How Hard is the Inca Trail?
The Inca Trail is considered a moderate to challenging trek. The trail involves long hiking days, with distances of 6 to 10 miles (10 to 16 kilometers) per day. The difficulty comes from steep ascents, uneven stone steps, and the high altitude. The thin air can cause fatigue, dizziness, shortness of breath, and altitude sickness for those who do not acclimatize well.
What is the Success Rate?
The success rate for the Inca Trail is very high, with over 95% of trekkers completing the journey. Altitude sickness is the primary reason some hikers struggle, but the gradual ascent and proper acclimatization help mitigate this risk.
Can Beginners Hike the Inca Trail?
Yes, but training is still recommended. While no technical skills are required, hikers should have good fitness levels. The trail involves steep climbs, long distances, and prolonged exposure to high altitudes. Those who are physically active and have experience with multi-day hikes will be better prepared.
How Many People Hike the Inca Trail Each Year?
Each year, about 25,000 people hike the Inca Trail. Due to its popularity and preservation efforts, the Peruvian government limits the number of hikers to 500 per day, including guides and porters. Permits sell out months in advance, so it is essential to book early.
How Do You Train for the Inca Trail?
Training should focus on cardiovascular endurance. Hike often and increase difficulty over time. Start with shorter hikes on flat terrain, then gradually add elevation and distance. To build endurance, do one long hike each week. Eventually, hike on consecutive days to simulate back-to-back effort. For added difficulty, carry a light backpack and increase weight as you progress. Try to train at higher elevations when possible.
What is the Weather Like on the Inca Trail?
The weather on the Inca Trail varies depending on the season and altitude.
The best time to hike the Inca Trail is during the dry season, from May to September, when the weather is more stable, and rain is less frequent. Skies are generally clear, with daytime temperatures ranging from 50°F to 75°F (10°C to 24°C). However, nights at higher elevations can drop below freezing.
The rainy season, from November to March, brings frequent downpours, making trails muddy and more challenging. Daytime temperatures typically range from 55°F to 75°F (13°C to 24°C), while nighttime temperatures stay between 35°F and 45°F (2°C to 7°C) at higher elevations. Cloud cover helps retain heat at night, making it warmer than the dry season. However, damp conditions, strong winds, and fog can make it feel colder, especially when clothes and gear become wet.
Weather in the Andes can be unpredictable, with sudden shifts in temperature, strong winds, and occasional hail. Hikers should be prepared for a mix of conditions regardless of the season.
The Inca Trail passes through multiple climate zones:
- Andean Highlands (11,000+ feet / 3,350+ meters) – Cold temperatures, thin air, and rocky terrain.
- Cloud Forest (8,000 to 11,000 feet / 2,400 to 3,350 meters) – Humid with lush vegetation.
- Tropical Rainforest (Below 8,000 feet / 2,400 meters) – Warmer temperatures with dense jungle.
How Much Does it Cost to Hike the Inca Trail?
Hiking the Inca Trail requires a permit and a licensed guide. The cost ranges from $600 to $1,200 per person, depending on the trekking company and level of service. Fees cover permits, porters, meals, camping, and entrance to Machu Picchu.
How Many People Have Died on the Inca Trail?
Fatalities on the Inca Trail are very rare. The biggest risks are altitude sickness, falls, and extreme weather. Some incidents have occurred due to landslides, but overall, the trek is considered safe with proper preparation and experienced guides.
